Edit: So since I’m in WA also is there anything I can do to prevent rust? I heard car covers aren’t actually a good idea. I don’t have a garage.
Corrosives can be an issue for any car. Road salt, magnesium chloride, that sort of stuff, it does not play nice with older cars. Hell, even newer cars... Do you have to deal with snow much where you live, or just lots of rain?
Worst and most common place I've seen rust on Mk3's are in the spare tire well and behind the interior trim that covers the rear wheel wells. You know, the pocket on the left side that the jack and tool bag would have been in, and underneath the antenna. Both of these are likely caused by a bad hatch seal. I've also had the seal at the the base of the rear glass leak on me in my first Mk3, that was all sorts of fun to try sealing up. I think I used silicone. Not sure if it ever really stopped leaking though.
The other place I've commonly seen rust on these cars is underneath the battery, because it really is quite literally the most impossible thing in the universe to reinstall that tie down hook that keeps the battery from smashing around everywhere.
General good practice, look for rubber plugs along the bottom of the car. There are one or two in the spare tire well, two in the front subframe if I recall, and likely a few along the body just underneath the door. The harm can come from when dirt gets into those areas that are hard to reach by hand, and then water eventually finds its way into those places. The dirt traps the water and holds it in place...
For the most part though... these cars were pretty well built, and in my experience don't seem to rust away too badly. That said, most of my experience with these cars is in Wyoming, where it's dryer than a fossil in an oven.